Course # / Title:

AET 1380.04 &.05 Survey of Recording Technology

Course Credit Hours:

3 Credit Hours

Semester:

Fall  2008   

Instructor:

David Tough, B.A., MBA

Instructor Contacts:

(615) 554-6693 (cell), toughd@mail.belmont.edu

Instructor Office Hours:

# 206 Sony Building, MW 11am-1pm

Class Location:

MCREMSB25 (Massey Center R.  E. Mulloy Studios, Room B25)

Meeting Time(s):

1-1:50 PM MWF (Section 04), 2-2:50 PM MWF (Section 05), Aug 27-Dec 8

Final Exam:

Friday, Dec 12, 2-5 PM (04)
Monday, Dec 15th, 2-5 PM (05)

 

 

 

Course Description:  A study of the major areas of recording technology as related to the music industry.  The student receives an overview of analog and digital technology with attention to its innovations, history, and effect on the music industry.

 

Course Outcomes:  At the end of this course the student will be able to:

ú         identify and recall significant events and individuals that have influenced recording technology from 1844 to the present.

ú         describe and implement basic procedures used in the recording process.

ú         recognize and appraise differences in audio examples using critical listening skills.

ú         apply and interpret a technical vocabulary.

ú         demonstrate fundamental knowledge and basic skill manipulating entry-level professional recording equipment.

 

Performance Tasks:  During this course the student will:

ú          read audio related supplemental articles and web-linked assigned reading.

ú         associate recording devices, mediums, and their inventors chronologically in a historical timeline.

ú         categorize facts from the acoustic, electrical, and digital eras.

ú         identify microphone placement, characteristics, and miking techniques.

ú         describe the power of the dB.

ú         list characteristics of analog tape.

ú         explain how multi-track recording changed the production of music.

ú         explain the difference between a bit, byte, megabyte, gigabyte, and terrabyte.

ú         relate the Nyquist Theory to the vibration cycle of a waveform.

ú         list steps in the encoding and decoding of a digital signal.

ú         list current digital formats.

ú         explain the advantages of the digital workstation.

ú         explain how the ear works.

ú         describe the basic principles of auditory perception.

ú         identify the properties of sound and how it behaves in a room.

ú         plot differences in frequency and dB.

ú         calculate harmonics, wavelength, and octaves using frequency.

ú         differentiate the envelope of a sound from the life cycle of a sound.

ú         recognize the time difference between delay and reverb.

ú         recognize the effect of a signal that is in and out-of-phase.

ú         identify recording methods used during the recording process.

ú         describe how the phonautograph, phonograph, and the telegraphone work.

ú         recognize and explain the function of specific audio equipment used in the recording studio.

ú         practice signal flow.

ú         describe how the speaker works.

ú         describe how the tape recorder works.

ú         explain the basics of digital audio.

ú         calculate differences in bit word length, bandwidth of sample rates, and dynamic range.  

ú         identify digital and computer interfaces. 

ú         create a stereo mix from a pre-recorded 8 track multi-track project.

ú         create a final recording project using classroom equipment, or

ú         create a class presentation based on a product that demonstrates how technology is in a state of change.

 

Assessment Tools:  During this course, outcomes mastery will be evaluated by:

ú         short answer quizzes and multiple-choice tests based on lectures, assigned readings, and class listening examples.

ú         written observations of studio recording sessions.

ú         completion of a collaborative mix project.

ú         completion of a collaborative final recording project or class presentation.

ú         a comprehensive written exam based on lectures, assigned readings, and listening.

 

Testing & Assignments:

 

Activity

Credit

Purpose/Description

1.  Quizzes                              (6 @ 10pts each)

6 %

Based on reading assignments, lectures, and listening.  Quizzes will assess the student’s knowledge of the topic.  Quiz format is short answer or fill in the blank.

2.  Comprehensive Tests          (4 @ 100 pts each)

40 %

Based on reading assignments, lectures and listening.  Comprehensive tests will assess the depth of the student’s knowledge of the topic.  Each test is a series of multiple-choice questions.

3.  Written Observations        (4 @ 30 pts each)

12 %

A pre-formatted three-page report demonstrates the application of knowledge gained from observing (4) studio recording sessions. Grading is achieved by an observation rubric.

4. Mix Project

(100 pts)

10 %

A collaborative group mix project demonstrates the student’s ability to use classroom studio equipment.  Grading is achieved by a mix rubric.

5a. Final Recording Project

(120 pts)

 

A collaborative group recording project demonstrates the student’s ability to record a song using classroom studio equipment. Accompanied by a three-page report documenting procedure, the report and mix are graded using a final project rubric.

or

12%

 

5b. Class Presentation

(120 pts)

 

In lieu of a final recording project, students will present a 10min PPT presentation accompanied by a five-page report of a product that demonstrates how recording technology is changing. Paper must cite a minimum of (5) references and use MLA format.

6.  Final Exam

(200 pts)

20 %

A comprehensive test of multiple-choice questions and short answers is used to measure the student’s composite knowledge of topics covered from lectures, readings, equipment use, and listening.

 

Course & Classroom Policies:

 

Attendance & Participation:

Class attendance follows university policy as stated in the current Undergraduate Bulletin.  Class participation is expected; attendance and absence will be noted. 

http://www.belmont.edu/catalog/undergrad2008jun/apolicy/index.html

Points (%) will be deducted from the final grade for unexcused absences.  1 absence, 1.5%; 2 absences, 3%;              3 absences,  4.5%;  4 absences,  6%;  5 absences,  7.5%; 6 absences, 9%; 7 absences, 10.5%; 8 absences, 12%; 9 absences, 13.5%; 10 absences, the student will be dropped from the class with a failing grade (WF). 

 

Materials:

Audio in Media, 7th Edition, Stanley R. Alten, Thomson, Wadsworth. 

America on Record; A History of Recorded Sound, 2nd Edition, Andre Millard, Cambridge Press.                          

A class notebook/binder and several blank CD-R’s for class projects will be needed.

 

PLEASE NOTE: America On Record is a required purchase and is available in the BU bookstore.  Audio in Media, 7th Edition is a recommended purchase and is no longer available from the publisher.  You are encouraged to find  a used text, or purchase individual chapters via ichapters.com at:

https://www.ichapters.com/tl1/en/US/storefront/ichapters?cmd=catProductDetail&showAddButton=true&ISBN=978-0-534-63046-1 The following chapters are covered in this course. 1) Ears, 2) Physics & Psychophysics,  3) Acoustics & Psychoacoustics,4) Microphones,5) Consoles & Control Surfaces,6) Recording,8) Signal Processors,9) Loudspeakers & Monitoring, and 13) Music Production. 

 

All students are expected to prepare and contribute to class discussions.  Specific class activities, lecture notes, reminders, and reviews are updated frequently using Blackboard.  Additional class readings and website links are available on the class website. http://campus.belmont.edu/mb/AET1380/

 

You are expected to complete reading and study of textbook chapter assignments as noted in the daily class schedule.  Additional material given via handouts and class PPT lecture notes (available for print via Blackboard) will require an organized binder.  A #2 pencil will be needed for quizzes and multiple-choice tests.  Observation of four recording sessions at designated intervals with detailed reports will be required.   Additionally, all students will complete a collaborative mix project, a final recording project, or a class presentation.

 

Grade Evaluation:  As per CEMB policy, the grade assignment scale for this course is:

 

Grade

Percent (GPA)

A

94 (4.0)

A-

90 (3.7)

B+

87 (3.3)

B

84 (3.0)

B-

80 (2.7)

C+

77 (2.3)

C

74 (2.0)

C-

70 (1.7)

Final grades below 70 % will not apply to the major.

D+

67

D

64

D-

60

F

< 60

 

All test dates are noted in the class schedule.  Quizzes may be unannounced.  No makeup tests or quizzes will be given.  The final test is a comprehensive exam.  Test dates may be subject to change with exception of the final exam.  No electronic devices of any kind maybe used during exams.  Opportunity to earn extra credit in the amount of 4% may be given during the semester and added to your final grade.

 

Honor Code:  It is the responsibility of each student to abide by the Belmont University Honor Code.  “In affirmation of the Belmont University Statement of Values, I pledge that I will not give or receive aid during examinations; I will not give or receive false or impermissible aid in course work, in the preparation of reports, or in any other type of work that is to be used by the instructor as the basis of my grade; I will not engage in any form of academic fraud. Furthermore, I will uphold my responsibility to sees to it that others abide by the spirit and letter of this Honor Pledge.”

 

Accommodation of Disabilities:  In compliance with Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act and the Americans with Disabilities Act, Belmont University will provide reasonable accommodation of all medically documented disabilities.  If you have a disability and would like the university to provide reasonable accommodations of the disability during this course, please notify the Office of the Dean of Students located in Beaman Student Life Center (460-6407) as soon as possible.

 

Other:  

 

Class Webpage:    http://campus.belmont.edu/mb/AET1380/

 

1)       The B25 classroom will be treated like any other studio; NO food or drink permitted at any time, except bottled water with a cap.

2)       I strongly encourage no internet surfing in class, those who surf for personal reasons usually do not do as good in the class, simply because they are not taking the material in.

3)       Remember to fill out a course evaluation on BIC at the end of the semester so I can improve this course.

4)       Keep all AET/music business course materials (including AET 1380 notes/handouts)

 

 

 

Class Schedule:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

DATE

DAY

TOPIC

ACTIVITY

ASSIGNMENTS

HANDOUTS  

 

27-Aug

Mon

Orientation & Introduction

Syllabus & handouts

Read Handouts

Handouts 1-4

 

29-Aug

Fri

Lecture 1 - Beginnings of Recording Pt 1

Lecture

Tinfoil.com essay

 

 

1-Sep

Mon

Holiday - No Class

 

 

 

 

3-Sep

Wed

Lecture 2 - Basic Properties of Sound

Lecture

America On Record Group Assignment #1

Observation requirements/rubric,

 

 

 

 

Form groups

 

Wished Learned in school, etc

 

 

 

 

 

 

Prof Pet Peaves

 

 

 

 

 

 

AET Listening Catalog

 

 

 

 

 

 

Am on record group assignment #1

 

5-Sep

Fri

Lecture 3 - How do we describe sound?

Listening, Lecture

 

n/a

 

 

 

 

Discuss tinfoil assignments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Listen:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Spectrum demo (white noise and big band)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Wash Post March

 

 

 

 

 

 

King of Bungaloos

 

 

 

 

 

 

2 charts 1890/1911 - compare S/N etc

 

 

 

8-Sep

Mon

Lecture 3 - How do we describe sound?  ctd

Listening, Lecture

 

n/a

 

 

 

 

Listen:

 

 

 

 

 

 

SPL demo

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10-Sep

Wed

Lecture 4 - Beginnings of Recording Pt 2

Lecture

AOR #1 Summaries Due

n/a

 

 

 

 

Discuss AOR Summaries

 

 

 

12-Sep

Fri

Lecture 4 - Beginnings of Recording Pt 2 ctd

Lecture

Fill in tutorial worksheets

Project 1 - Tutorial Explanation

 

 

 

 

Discuss Project 1 - Lab Tutorial

 

Lab Tutorial Handouts

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15-Sep

Mon

Lecture 5 - An Early Session

Listening, Lecture

Read 2nd half of 1925 handout

n/a

 

 

 

Lecture 6 - Overtones, Phase, ADSR

Listen:

Audio in Media Ch 1/2 pp 1-22

 

 

 

 

 

Overtones Demo

« pp summary of magnetic recording website

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

17-Sep

Wed

Lecture 6 - Overtones, Phase, ADSR ctd

Lecture

 Magnetic Recording Summary Due

n/a

 

 

 

Lecture 7 - Electrical Recording

Discuss Magnetic Recording Summary

America On Record Group Assignment #2

 

 

19-Sep

Fri

Lecture 7 - Electrical Recording ctd

Listening, Lecture

 

n/a

 

 

 

 

Phase Experiments

 

 

 

 

 

 

Listen/Watch:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Connections DVD 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loveable and Sweet    

 

 

 

 

 

 

Puttin on the Ritz

 

 

 

 

 

 

Swanee

 

 

 

 

 

 

Me and Man on Moon 

 

 

 

22-Sep

Mon

Catch up on Lecture/Listening

Lecture

AOR #2 Summaries Due

n/a

 

 

 

 

Discuss AOR Summaries

Review AIM Ch 1 - The Ear

 

 

24-Sep

Wed

Lecture  8 - Psychoacoustics

Listening, Lecture

n/a

n/a

 

 

 

 

Shoe Demo

 

 

 

 

 

 

Listen/Review:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tones Demo

 

 

 

 

 

 

Waveforms Demo 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Harmonics Demo  (if not already played

 

 

 

 

 

 

Noise Band Sequence:  5 bands

 

 

 

 

 

 

Musical filter sequence: 5 bands

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equal Loudness Tone Demo

 

 

 

26-Sep

Fri

Lecture  9 - The Ear

Lecture

Read Handouts

Ear Handouts

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

29-Sep

Mon

Lecture  10- Electrical instruments and finishing out the 30s

Lecture

n/a

n/a

 

 

 

 

Watch parts of Moog DVD

 

 

 

1-Oct

Wed

Test Review

Review

 

n/a

 

3-Oct

Fri

TEST #1

n/a

Read Audio in Media Ch 4/13 - Microphones/Music Production

All microphone handouts

 

 

 

OBSERVATION #1 Due

 

Read Handouts

Test #2 review sheet

 

6-Oct

Mon

FALL BREAK - NO CLASS

n/a

n/a

n/a

 

8-Oct

Wed

FALL BREAK - NO CLASS

 

 

 

 

11-Oct

Fri

Lecture  11- Microphones - Intro & Design

 

 

 

 

13-Oct

Mon

Lecture  11- Microphones - Characterisics

Listening, Lecture

n/a

n/a

 

 

 

 

Listen: Pro Mic CD Trks 1,2, 4

 

 

 

15-Oct

Wed

Lecture  11- Microphones - Characterisics ctd

Listening, Lecture

Read Chapter 3 Audio in Media - Life Cycle of Sound

 

 

 

 

Lecture  11- Microphones - Polar Patterns

Listen:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other mic audio examples

 

 

 

 

 

 

Close miking v. distant miking audio examples

 

 

 

 

 

 

Puttin On The Ritz

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sent For You Yesterday

 

 

 

17-Oct

Fri

Lecture 11 - Microphones - Finish 

Project 1 Due

n/a

Birth of LP Handout

 

 

 

Lecture 12 - Life Cycle of Sound

 

 

 

 

20-Oct

Mon

Watch Tom Lubin video as mic review (optional)

n/a

n/a

n/a

 

22-Oct

Wed

Lecture - 13 The LP

Lecture

n/a

n/a

 

 

 

Review For Test 2

Review

n/a

n/a

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

24-Oct

Fri

TEST #2

Extra Credit #1 Due

n/a

Short History of Multitrack studio

 

 

 

OBSERVATION #2 Due

 

 

Test 2 Review Sheet

 

27-Oct

Mon

Lecture 14 - 40s/50s Recording

Listening, Lecture

Read Audio in Media pp 101-112 Analog Recording

n/a

 

 

 

 

Listen:

or Analog Recording Handout

 

 

 

 

 

Lover

 

 

 

 

 

 

How High the Moon

 

 

 

 

 

 

Confess

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sent for You Yesterday

 

 

 

29-Oct

Wed

Lecture 15 - Analog Recording

Listening, Lecture

n/a

n/a

 

 

 

 

Watch Les Paul DVD clips

 

 

 

 

 

 

Analog Versus Digital (AB CD)

 

 

 

31-Oct

Fri

RCA B Tours - Its gonna be spooooky…

n/a

n/a

n/a

 

3-Nov

Mon

Lecture 15 - Analog Recording ctd

Listening, Lecture

n/a

n/a

 

 

 

 

Tutti Frutti - tape saturation

 

 

 

 

 

 

Led Zepplin - Pre echo

 

 

 

 

 

 

Pink Floyd/Bee Gees - Tape Loops

 

 

 

5-Nov

Wed

Lecture 16 - Signal Processors

Listening, Lecture

n/a

n/a

 

 

 

 

50s/60s signal processor examples

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other audio signal processor examples

 

 

 

7-Nov

Fri

Lecture 16 - Signal Processors ctd

Listening, Lecture

n/a

n/a

 

 

 

 

50s/60s signal processor examples

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other audio signal processor examples

 

 

 

10-Nov

Mon

Lecture 16 - Signal Processors ctd

Lecture

Fill in tutorial worksheets

Project 2 Handout

 

 

 

 

Discuss Project 2

 

 

 

12-Nov

Wed

Review For Test 3

Review

n/a

n/a

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

14-Nov

Fri

TEST #3

n/a

Read Audio in Media Ch 5 - Consoles

n/a

 

 

 

OBSERVATION #3 Due

 

 

 

 

17-Nov

Mon

Lecture 17 - The Audio Console

Lecture

Grade updates

n/a

 

19-Nov

Wed

Lecture 17 - The Audio Console ctd

Listening, Lecture

 

n/a

 

 

 

Lecture 18 - Trends in Sound Recording 50s-90s

 

 

 

 

21-Nov

Fri

Watch making of Sgt Peppers (if time)

n/a

Complete Sgt Peppers Worksheet

Roger Nichols Handout

 

 

 

 

 

 

Impact of Low Cost Rec. (AES) handout

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mp3 Economy handout

 

 

 

 

 

 

Phil Spector (Be My Baby) Handout

 

 

 

 

 

 

TEC Hall of Fame Handouts (2)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

24-Nov

Thurs

Catch up day

Listening, Lecture

n/a

Read Audio in Media 113-134 - Digital Recording

 

 

 

Discuss Brian Wilson/Phil Spector

Good vibrations

 

Read Intro to MIDI

 

 

 

 

Catch up on Listening examples

 

 

 

26-Nov

Wed

Thanksgiving Break - No class

 

 

 

 

28-Nov

Fri

Thanksgiving Break - No class

 

 

 

 

1-Dec

Mon

Lecture 19 - Digital Recording

Listening: Bit Rate versus sample rate

 

 

 

3-Dec

Wed

Lecture 19 - Digital Recording

Listening, Lecture

Take Home Test #4

n/a

 

5-Dec

Fri

Lecture 20-  Digital Audio Formats.ppt

Give Take Home Test #4

 

 

 

 

 

Lecture 23 - The Future - Surround sound etc

Listening: Bit Rate versus sample rate

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mijac examples, 5.1, Melodyne, etc

 

 

 

5-Dec

Mon

Test #4 Due

Review

 

n/a

 

 

 

Review For Final

 

 

 

 

 

 

Final Exam

n/a

n/a

 

 

 

 

Friday, Dec 12, 2-5 PM (Section 4)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Monday, Dec 15, 2-5 PM (Section 5)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Project #2 due, Extra Credit #2 due