Memories of Botha de Meillon (1902-2000)

by William L. Grogan, Jr.    wlgrogan@ssu.edu

Salisbury State University, Salisbury, Maryland

  I met Botha for the first time during the 1976 International Congress of Entomology held in August in Washington, D. C.  I was nearing completion of my Ph.D. then at the University of Maryland under the direction of Don Messersmith and Willis Wirth.  Dr. Wirth introduced me to Botha at one of the biting fly sessions during the Congress along with Jean Clastrier, John Boorman, John Linley, Michel Kremer and Christian Raccurt as well as many more foreign ceratopogonid workers.  I was already very familiar with Botha's early work on African biting midges as I had spent many enjoyable hours reading his contributions on taxonomy of this group during the 1930's, '40's and '50's.  So, it was a great honor for me then to be invited to dinner with Dr. Wirth and Botha following that first afternoon session.  Here, I first began to realize that not only had Botha made important and lasting contributions to biting midge taxonomy, but that he had also worked on mosquitoes, black flies and other insects of medical importance during his long tenure with the South African Institute for Medical Research in Johannesburg, South Africa.  During this Congress and the Post-Congress session held at Mountain Lake Biological Station near Blacksburg, Virginia, I became even more acquainted with Botha and several other foreign and domestic biting midge specialists.  This is one of the most memorable experiences of my life and I shall always treasure the friendly discussions and life-long friendships with so many of my colleagues that began during these important meetings that affected my life so much.

  The next time I saw Botha was in Dr. Wirth’s office at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. during the early 1980's.  Botha was visiting with Bill as part of their collaboration leading to a series of 15 papers that they co-authored on Subsaharan Ceratopogonidae from 1979 to 1991.  These papers are listed in the paper on Botha's work on biting midges by Bill Wirth (1993) in Botha's Festschrift, which is reprinted herein.

  I became even closer to Botha in 1985 when he attended the 1985 Biting Fly Workshop that I hosted that year at my institution, Salisbury State University (then College) in Salisbury, Maryland.  I had the good fortune of introducing Botha to the some 40 scientists in attendance as the "oldest biting fly worker in the world and the oldest person at this Workshop" (Botha was "only" 83 then).  A few in the audience questioned as to whether Botha was actually the oldest scientist at the Workshop that June and suggested that G. B. (Sandy) Fairchild (an important tabanid taxonomist, recently deceased) might actually be older.  A few minutes of discussion between the two Grand Old Men confirmed that I was indeed correct, after which both of these fine gentlemen received a standing ovation from the audience. 

  It was during the 1985 BFW that Botha and I had some discussions that lead to our collaboration on two papers:

Grogan, W. L., Jr. and Botha de Meillon. 1993. New Brachypogon, mainly from Senegal, with a key to the Afrotropical species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Annals de la Societie Entomologique de France (Nouvelle Series) 29:387-409.

Grogan, W. L., Jr. and Botha de Meillon. 1997. A new predaceous midge of the genus Brachypogon  Kieffer from Zimbabwe (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington 18:130-133.

These are the last two papers that Botha published and I am very honored with having the privilege of working with him and spending time with Botha and his family during the ensuing years.  My family and I had the great honor of visiting Botha at the home of his daughter (Delia) and son-in-law (Lamberto Bontivoglio) at their home in Elkins Park, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Philadelphia.  Perhaps my fondest memory of a visit with them occurred in October, 1992 when they held a birthday party for Botha on the occasion of his 90th birthday.  This party was attended by many contributors to Botha's Festschrift that was subsequently published in October, 1993.  One of the contributors to Botha's Festschrift was it's editor, Maureen Coetzee, who could not attend Botha's birthday party that October.  My wife (Ethel) and I had the opportunity of meeting Maureen several years later when she was visiting with Botha and his family.  Unfortunately, this was to be our last visit with Botha before his death, a sad fact for us.  My wife and I thank Delia and Lamberto Bontivoglio for their kindness to us during our visits with them and Botha during the last years of his life. We especially enjoyed many fine luncheons prepared by Delia and Lamberto (he makes excellent fresh salads, always dressed with wonderful balsamic vinegar!) and will always treasure our conversations about our respective families.

  One final thanks to Maureen Coetzee for allowing Bill Wirth's contribution to Botha's Festschrift (edited by Maureen) that is reprinted in this CIE issue. Maureen has asked to announce that copies of Botha's Festschrift are still available for a nominal fee by writing her at:

Dr. Maureen Coetzee<>
Dept. of Medical Entomology
South African Institute for Medical Research
P. O. Box 1038
Johannesburg 2000, South Africa

or by emailing her at: maureen@mail.saimr.wits.ac.za

__________________________________________________________________________

(Editor’s Note: Many thanks to Dr. Maureen Coetzee for allowing CIE to reproduce Bill Wirth’s contribution from “Entomologist Extraordinary, a Festschrift in Honour of Botha de Meillon”. Thanks also to Bill Grogan for his work towards making this possible.  Bill also co-authored a contribution to this festschrift with Bill Wirth entitled “A New Species of Brachypogon Kieffer from Zimbabwe (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)”. There is a total of 12 scientific contributions, five personal recollections in this festschrift and both the curriculum vitae and a complete list of the publications of Botha de Meillon are included as appendices.

<>SIXTY-FOUR YEARS OF BITING MIDGE RESEARCH

<>
Willis W. Wirth

Co-operating Scientist, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA

1304 NW 94th St., Gainesville, Florida  32606, USA

The community of ceratopogonid workers takes great pleasure in extending tribute to Dr. Botha de Meillon and I offer this tribute with heartfelt respect, love and admiration.  For over a period spanning nearly 40 years, Dr. de Meillon has been my teacher, friend and counselor.

De Meillon’s professional career began in 1926 at the South African Institute for Medical Research where he worked with Dr. A. Ingram, who had studied the biology and taxonomy of biting midges with H.F. Carter and J.W.S. Macfie at the Yellow Fever Research Laboratory in Accra, Ghana.  De Meillon’s first paper on Ceratopogonidae appeared in 1929 on “Some Ceratopogonidae from the Transvaal.”  In 1936 and 1937 he published comprehensive works on the biting midges under the title “Entomological studies. Studies on insects of medical importance in South Africa.”  In the 64 years since 1929, De Meillon has published 43 papers on Ceratopogonidae, describing eight genera and subgenera, and 239 species.

My association with De Meillon began about 1950, shortly after I had joined the Insect Identification Unit of the US Department of Agriculture in the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C.  De Meillon responded promptly and generously to my requests for his publications and this helped me immensely in getting started on a career of taxonomic study of the biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae).

Shortly thereafter, I received some ceratopogonid specimens form Dr. Elwood Montgomery of Indiana University that were collected by a student from dragonflies in Senegal.  In one lot taken in a net with a dragonfly were nine females which I identified as Forcipomyia (Pterobosca) mollipes Macfie, a common dragonfly parasite in West Africa.  In this collection there was also one male which fitted the diagnosis of the predaceous midge genus Brachypogon.  In correspondence with Paul Freeman of the British Museum, I learned that Montgomery had sent a similar lot of midges from dragonflies to Dr. Macfie, including a vial containing six female F. mollipes and one male of a new species of Brachypogon that Macfie had planned to describe as new shortly before his death.  The specimens sent to Macfie had been collected at the same place just one day after the collection that I received.

As a neophyte in ceratopogonid taxonomy, I was quite excited about the possibility that these so-called Brachypogon males might be the hitherto undescribed male sex of Pterobosca.  Species of Pterobosca had been described from all over the world, but the male had never been recognized.  Because sexual dimorphism is so prevalent in the family Ceratopogonidae, and had caused so much trouble in the correct generic placement of males, I was determined to settle the true identity of these anomalous males.  In addition, I thought it was exceedingly strange that on two succeeding days a male of Brachypogon had been collected in a net simultaneously with dragonflies parasitized by female Pterobosca..

I was never able to locate the Brachypogon male sent to the British Museum, but I sent the male in my possession to De Meillon in 1953 and he was able to distinguish it from the closely related Brachypogon corius (De Meillon & Hardy, 1954).  We prepared a joint paper (De Meillon & Wirth, 1955) describing the new species as Brachypogon senegalensis, in which De Meillon executed his careful dissections and graphic illustrations of the two species, along with his usual short, concise and accurate taxonomic description.;  This marked the beginning of my long and productive taxonomic collaboration with De Meillon, in which I was happy to serve as student and he as master and teacher, as association that happily lasted until this day.

I might add, parenthetically, that the peculiar circumstances of collection of this male Brachypogon was never mentioned in print, probably because it was regarded as fortuitous and without scientific merit.  But sometimes I wonder if, if fact, there is a causal (rather than casual) relationship between females of Pterobosca mollipes and the males of Brachypogon senegalensis.  Nevertheless, this was the riddle that prompted my long friendship and collaboration with Botha de Meillon.

Unfortunately for me, De Meillon left the South African Institute for Medical Research in 1960 and spent the next six years working for the World Health Organization, first in Brazzaville, Congo, then in Geneva, and then in Rangoon, Burma, as scientific advisor and administrator of their programmes on filariasis and other tropical diseases.  He had no time or opportunity for ceratopogonid research while with WHO.  I was overjoyed when, in 1965,  he came to Washington as Principal Investigator of the Smithsonian Institution - Walter Reed Army Institute of Medical Research, Southeast Asia Mosquito Project.  I met De Meillon and his wonderful wife Petie in person, and we enjoyed many opportunities for close personal and social contact.  These contacts continued until 1973, when De Meillon retired and he and Petie returned to their farm in Tzaneen, N Transvaal.

Retirement inevitably brought about another phase in De Meillon’s active and productive life, and a return to ceratopogonid research.  With a little encouragement from me, he began collecting and rearing ceratopogonids on his farm, and before long he was back in the Entomology Laboratory in Tzaneen, studying the biting midges that he had so long neglected.  By this time I had the experience and taxonomic facilities to render real help and encouragement to De Meillon’s midge research and we began a taxonomic collaboration which lasted for 12 years and contributed to 15 publications.

The De Meillons left Tzaneen in 1976 to live with their daughter in Elkins Park, a suburb of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  This afforded me the opportunity for closer personal and entomological contact with De Meillon, and in October of that year he became, like me, a Co-operating Scientist of the Systematic Entomology Laboratory of the US Department of Agriculture.  We were able to equip a large attic room in his daughter’s house with microscopes, technical equipment and supplies, and to supplement his library and midge collection.  Descriptions and manuscripts poured out of his laboratory at an amazing rate and almost overwhelmed available publication space in the American and South African entomological journals.  Periodically De Meillon would come to Washington for consultation and for more specimens and supplies, and periodically my wife, Mabel, and I would journey to Philadelphia to visit the De Meillons and their daughter’s family. On the occasion of the International Congress of Entomology meetings in Washington in July, 1976, we invited Botha to serve as Honorary Chairman of a symposium on “Systematics and Biology of Ceratopogonidae.”  After the Congress, most of the participants in the Symposium travelled to the Mountain Lake Biological Station in the Allegheny Mountains near Blacksburg, Virginia, for a week-long workshop on Ceratopogonidae.  Thirty-five ceratopogonid workers from seven countries enjoyed close social contact and scientific interchange with De Meillon, with many lasting benefits.  This symposium and workshop were such a success and generated so much enthusiasm that similar workshops were scheduled in Warsaw in 1978, London in 1980, Strasbourg in 1982, Hamburg in 1984, Budapest in 1986 and Vancouver in 1988, often in conjunction with the International Congress of Entomology.

Botha de Meillon is famous for his keen scientific mind, his adherence to the strictest protocols and principles, his intense loyalty to his close friends and associates, his unselfish love of friends and family, and his intolerance for sham, deceit, and incompetence.  The following anecdote illustrates some of Botha’s characteristics.  In the early days, De Meillon followed British custom and most scientific usage in calling the biogeographic region comprising most of Africa, the “Ethiopian Region.”  This usage seemed inappropriate and caused much criticism because a large part of Ethiopia, from which the region took its name, was Palaearctic.  Then for many years, De Meillon and many other workers, began using the term “Subsaharan Region,” and in fact this term survives today in many geographic and general works dealing with Africa.  Then, for various reasons, “Subsaharan” was also deemed inappropriate and the term “Afrotropical” was introduced.  The “Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region” set a precedent widely followed by most dipterists, but De Meillon steadfastly insisted on retaining “Subsaharan”, and was successful with most editors until finally, in De Meillon & Wirth (1991) a change to “Afrotropical” was the price he had to pay for his last monographic work on Ceratopogonidae.  At 89 years of age, this price seemed a little dear for such a man.

As documentation to De Meillon’s monumental contribution to ceratopogonid research, I append lists of the eight genera and subgenera and the 239 species of Ceratopogonidae described by De Meillon and associates, in 43 publications.

GENERA AND SUBGENERA OF CERATOPOGONIDAE DESCRIBED BY BOTHA DE MEILLON

Ankylohelea De Meillon & Wirth, 1987b: 384.

Capehelea De Meillon & Wirth, 1987b: 384.

Fanthamia De Meillon, 1939c: 103.

Kolenohelea De Meillon & Wirth, 1981a: 513.

Luciamyia De Meillon, 1937a: 380.

Notoceratopogon De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 157.

Pedilohelea De Meillon & Wirth, 1980: 9.

Rhinohelea De Meillon & Wirth, 1979d: 881.

SPECIES OF CERATOPOGONIDAE DESCRIBED BY BOTHA DE MEILLON

<>abditus De Meillon & Wirth, 1987a: 46, Fanthamia.
acastus De Meillon, 1947: 118, Culicoides, Synonym of zuluensis De Meillon.

adulator De Meillon, 1939c: 104, Fanthamia.

advena (De Meillon), 1959a: 341 (Ceratopogon) Brachypogon.

agathae De Meillon, 1940: 455, Bezzia. Synonym of nyasae (Macfie).

agathae De Meillon & Wirth, 1983b: 388, Serromyia.

aitkeni De Meillon & Wirth, 1980: 12, Forcipomyia.

albidorsata (De Meillon), 1937a: 368, (Dicrohelea) Johannsenomyia.

albitudinis De Meillon & Wirth, 1981b: 543, Homohelea.

alcides (De Meillon & Hardy), 1954: 74 (Ceratopogon) Notoceratopogon.

alexis De Meillon, 1936: 147, Culicoides, Synonym of pycnostictus Ingram & Macfie.

amana De Meillon & Wirth, 1981b: 543, Bezzia.

amaniensis De Meillon, in Wirth et al., 1980: 168, N. name for Stilobezzia monticola De Meillon, Stilobezzia.

aniculae De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 167, Fanthamia.

anna De Meillon, 1959a: 331, Forcipomyia.

archboldi De Meillon & Wirth, 1980: 13, Forcipomyia.

arcis De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 143, Forcipomyia.

armigera De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 177, Palpomyia.

atra De Meillon & Wirth, 1989b: 213, Dasyhelea.

aukurabis De Meillon & Wirth, 1983a: 371, Mallochohelea.

babrius De Meillon, 1943: 112, Culicoides, Synonym of tropicalis Kieffer.

bata De Meillon & Hardy, 1954: 62, Stilobezzia.

bayeri (De Meillon), 1937a: 351 (Macroptilum) Macropeza.

belkini De Meillon & Wirth, 1979e: 198, Forcipomyia.

belligera (De Meillon), 1940: 459, (Dicrobezzia) Nilobezzia.

bergensis (De Meillon & Hardy), 1953: 26, (Ceratopogon) Brachypogon.

bimater (De Meillon & Hardy), 1953: 25, (Ceratopogon) Calcarhelea.

briani De Meillon, 1961: 45, Atrichopogon.

<>briani De Meillon & Wirth, 1979d: 884, Forcipomyia.

brinchangensis De Meillon & Wirth, 1980: 14, Forcipomyia.

brincki De Meillon, 1959a: 328, Forcipomyia.

brunnea De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 151, Forcipomyia.

bwambanus De Meillon, 1952: 173, Culicoides.

campanula De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 142, Forcipomyia.

capensis (De Meillon & Hardy), 1954: 67 (Parabezzia) Afrohelea.

<>capensis De Meillon & Hardy, 1953: 24, Leptoconops.

capensis De Meillon & Hardy, 1954: 70, Nilobezzia. Synonym of robusta De Meillon.

cardinis De Meillon & Wirth, 1979c: 194,Fanthamia.

carina (De Meillon & Hardy), 1953: 28 (Ceratopogon) Fanthamia.

cinnae De Meillon, 1936: 185, Phaenobezzia.

claudia De Meillon, 1942c: 92, Alluaudomyia.

cobra De Meillon & Wirth, 1987a: 41 Alluaudomyia.

consortis De Meillon & Wirth, 1989b: 212, Forcipomyia.

corea De Meillon, 1942b: 116, Jenkinshelea.

corius (De Meillon & Hardy) 1954: 69 (Ceratopogon) Brachypogon.

cornutus De Meillon, 1937a: 332, Culicoides.

creesi De Meillon, Meiswinkel & Wirth, 1982: 123, Forcipomyia.

crossi De Meillon & Wirth, 1981c: 591, Stilobezzia.

delanoe (De Meillon), 1942b: 113 (Palpomyia) Homohelea.

diabolus (De Meillon), 1961: 52 (Sphaeromias), Homohelea.

diazi De Meillon, 1961: 55, Tetrabezzia.

differens De Meillon, 1960: 406, Stilobezzia.

distincta De Meillon& Wirth, 1983a: 367, Jenkinshelea.

divergens De Meillon, 1959b: 22, Dasyhelea.

dixi De Meillon, 1936: 141, Leptoconops.

dominicana De Meillon & Wirth, 1979e, 195, Forcipomyia.

draconis De Meillon & Wirth, 1980: 17, Forcipomyia.

draconis De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 170, Fanthamia.

dutoiti De Meillon, 1943: 100, Culicoides.

dycei De Meillon & Wirth, 1981a: 517, Kolenohelea.

edwardsi De Meillon, 1938: 268, Bezzia.

elegans De Meillon & Wirth, 1987a: 36, Forcipomyia.

engubandei De Meillon, 1937a: 337, Culicoides.

equilus De Meillon & Wirth, 1987a, 48, Kolenohelea.

errinae (De Meillon) 1940: 461, (Palpomyia) Mallochohelea.

eshowensis De Meillon, 1937a: 361, Forcipomyia.

eugenei De Meillon & Wirth, 1987a: 62, Sphaeromyias.

falcata De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 152, Dasyhelea.

falcis De Meillon & Wirth, 1981c: 571, Atrichopogon.

fenerivensis De Meillon, 1961: 48, Dasyhelea.

flavicorporis De Meillon, 1939a: 22, Bezzia.

flavida De Meillon & Wirth, 1987a: 56, Stilobezzia.

fluminea De Meillon & Wirth, 1981b: 550, Mallochohelea.

fluviatilis (De Meillon), 1940: 463, (Macroptilum) Macropeza.

fontana De Meillon & Wirth, 1981b: 533, Dasyhelea.

forcipis De Meillon & Wirth 1980: 18, Forcipomyia.

forficata De Meillon & Wirth, 1989b: 215, Dasyhelea.

forsteri De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 169, Fanthamia.

fulva De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 176, Stilobezzia.

furcipes De Meillon, 1960: 404, Stilobezzia.

furcula De Meillon & Wirth, 1989b: 216, Dasyhelea.

furfura De Meillon & Wirth, 1989b: 205, Forcipomyia.

fusca De Meillon, 1938: 266, Palpomyia

galatea De Meillon, 1942b: 23, Xenohelea.

gideoni De Meillon & Wirth, 1981c: 595, Dibezzia.

gigantosalpinx De Meillon. 1937a: 371, Dasyhelea.

gilva De Meillon & Wirth, 1987a: 67, Palpomyia.

gokwe De Meillon & Wirth, 1989b: 209, Forcipomyia.

grobleri De Meillon & Wirth, 1981c: 575, Brachypogon.

guttata De Meillon & Wirth, 1989b: 204, Forcipomyia.

hamata De Meillon & Wirth, 1989b: Dasyhelea.

hamoni De Meillon, 1959a: 329, Forcipomyia.

hamiltoni De Meillon & Wirth, 1981e: 576, Brachypogon.

hansfordi De Meillon & Wirth, 1983a: 372, Mallochohelea.

harbelensis De Meillon, 1960: 409, Echinohelea.

haroldi De Meillon & Wirth, 1987a: 66, Bezzia.

haroldi De Meillon & Wirth, 1989b: 208, Forcipomyia.

harrisoni De Meillon & Hardy, 1953: 22, Leptoconops.

hastata De Meillon & Wirth, 1981e: 565, Forcipomyia.

helion De Meillon, 1936: 177, Atrichopogon. Synonym of hirsutipennis Ingram & Macfie.

hesiones De Meillon, 1936: 167, Forcipomyia.

hirtius De Meillon & Lavoipierre, 1944: 38, Culicoides. Synonym of brucei Austen.

hopkinsi De Meillon & Hardy, 1954: 62, Bezzia. Synonym of africana Ingram & Macfie.

hunyani De Meillon, 1943: 111, Nilobezzia.

imperfecta De Meillon & Wirth, 1989b: 217, Dasyhelea.

insperata De Meillon & Wirth, 1981c: 592, Clinohelea.

inusitata De Meillon & Wirth, 1981e: 586, Kolenohelea.

iphias De Meillon, 1936: 169, Forcipomyia. Synonym of striaticornis Kieffer.

irrita (De Meillon), 1937a: 383, (Monohelea). Synonym of Luciamyia biloba De Meillon.

jarmilae De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 172, Kolenohelea.

jonkeri De Meillon & Wirth, 1987a: 48. Fanthamia.

joycei De Meillon, 1936: 193, Dasyhelea.

kabashae De Meillon, 1959a: 333, Forcipomyia. Synonym of monilicornis (Coquillett).

kama (De Meillon), 1959a: 340, (Ceratopogon), Brachypogon.

khoisana, De Meillon & Wirth, 1979d: 885, Forcipomyia.

krugeri De Meillon & Wirth, 1981c: 578, Brachypogon.

kurwana De Meillon & Wirth, 1987a: 69, Palpomyia.

larundae De Meillon, 1936: 195, Dasyhelea.

lemuria De Meillon, 1961: 7, Forcipomyia.

leonina De Meillon & Wirth, 1987a: 50, Kolenohelea.

leporis De Meillon & Wirth, 1981c: 572, Dasyhelea.

letabanus, De Meillon, Meiswinkel & Wirth, 1982: 125, Forcipomyia.

lecordeurorum De Meillon, Meiswinkel & Wirth, 1982: 132, Forcipomyia.

libanius (De Meillon), 1943: 104, (Ceratopogon), Alluaudomyia.

louisi De Meillon & Wirth 1981b: 535, Allauadomyia.

luaboensis (De Meillon), 1959b: 3, (Johannsenomyia), Mallochohelea.

lucida (De Meillon), 1939a: 24, Bezzia.

maculosa De Meillon, 1936: 172, Alluaudomyia.

madagascarensis De Meillon, 1961: 40, Culicoides.

magali De Meillon & Wirth 1981b: 557, Palpomyia.

magoebai De Meillon, Meiswinkel & Wirth, 1982: 134, Alluaudomyia.

makonde De Meillon & Wirth, 1983a: 363, (Monohelea) Allohelea.

matubae De Meillon, 1937a: 375, Dasyhelea.

maureenae (De Meillon & Wirth), 1987a: 53, (Monohelea) Allohelea.

meeserellus De Meillon, 1936: 151, Culicoides. Synonym of pycnostictus Ingram & Macfie.

meeseri (De Meillon), 1936: 204, (Macroptilum). Synonmy of Macropeza aethiopicum (Ingram & Macfie).

meeseri (De Meillon), 1959b: 16, (Monohelea), Allohelea.

meeseri De Meillon, 1942c: 95, Sphaeromias.

meeseri (De Meillon & Hardy), 1954: 74, (Ceratopogon), Alluaudomyia.

meiswinkeli De Meillon & Wirth, 1983b: 390, Serromyia.

melia De Meillon, 1943: 112, Homohelea.

mennoi De Meillon & Wirth, 1981c: 582, Fanthamia.

milleri De Meillon & Wirth, 1981a: 521, Kolenohelea.

mimas (De Meillon), 1939a: 13 (Monohelea), Allohelea.

minutus De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 161, Notoceratopogon.

mira De Meillon & Wirth, 1981c: 583, Kolenohelea.

mirabunda De Meillon & Wirth, 1981a: 522, Kolenohelea.

mirifica De Meillon & Wirth, 1981a: 519, Kolenohelea.

mocambicana De Meillon, 1943: 9, Dasyhelea.

montana De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 167, Fanthamia.

montana De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 147, Forcipomyia.

montana De Meillon & Wirth, 1987b: 384, Ankylohelea.

monticola De Meillon, 1960: 403, Stilobezzia. Primary homonym of Stilobezzia monticola Tokunaga, 1940. Synonym of amaniensis De Meillon.

monticola De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 174, Kolenohelea.

mopsus De Meillon & Hardy, 1954: 71, Forcipomyia.

nama De Meillon & Wirth, 1981a: 42, Bothahelea.

natalensis De Meillon, 1939b: 14, Forcipomyia.

natalensis (De Meillon), 1937a: 378, (Ceratopogon), Notoceratopogon.

natalensis (De Meillon), 1937a: 355, (Macroptilum), Macropeza.

natalensis De Meillon, 1939a: 20, Stilobezzia.

natalia (De Meillon), 1936: 158, (Lasiohelea), Synonym of Forcipomyia bacoti (Ingram & Macfie).

nicator De Meillon, 1959b: 18, Bezzia.

nicolayi De Meillon, 1937a: 330, Leptoconops.

nigithorax De Meillon, 1929: 248, Palpomyia.

nivosus De Meillon, 1937a: 341, Culicoides.

obscura De Meillon & Wirth, 1981c: 588 (Parabezzia).

oliffi De Meillon & Hardy, 1954: 72, Palpomyia.

orientis De Meillon & Wirth, 1981b: 541, Stilobezzia.

ornatipennis (De Meillon), 1939c: 106, (Ceratopogon), Fanthamia.

pauliani De Meillon, 1961: 57, Stilobezzia.

pedi De Meillon & Wirth, 1987a: 50, Kolenohelea.

phrixius De Meillon, 1943: 105, Atrichopogon. Synonym of luteicollis (Becker).

polyxenae De Meillon, 1936: 189, Jenkinshelea.

probata (De Meillon), 1937a: 349 (Bezzia) Phaenobezzia.

pugilator De Meillon &Wirth, 1987a: 52, Kolenohelea.

randensis De Meillon, 1931: 335, Forcipomyia.

raposoi De Meillon & Wirth, 1980: 21, Forcipomyia.

ravus De Meillon, 1936: 151, Culicoides.

rhodesiensis De Meillon, 1927b: 261, Jenkinshelea.

robusta (De Meillon), 1937a: 346, (Bezzia), Nilobezzia.

roseae De Meillon, Meiswinkel & Wirth, 1982: 129, Forcipomyia.

rudebecki De Meillon, 1959a: 330, Forcipomyia.

rudolfi De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 171, Aluaudomyia.

salanaria De Meillon & Wirth, 1981b: 530, Dasyhelea

salisburiensis De Meillon, 1959a: 337, Atrichopogon.

salta De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 155, Dasyhelea.

sambulena (De Meillon), 1942a: 14, Pellucidomyia.

sanctaeluciae (De Meillon), 1937a: 365, (Palpomyia), Mallochohelea.

sani De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 168, Fanthamia.

senegalensis (De Meillon & Wirth), 1955: 275, (Ceratopogon) Brachypogon.

servillea De Meillon, 1943: 25, Sphaeromias. Synonym of par Ingram & Macfie.

sibayae (De Meillon), 1936: 183, (Bezzia) Macropeza.

sidis (De Meillon), 1959b: 5, (Johannsenomyia) Mallochohelea.

singularis De Meillon, 1937a: 362, Palpomyia.

siricis (De Meillon), 1961: 50 (Sphaeromias) Mallochohelea.

sitius De Meillon, 1959a: 345, Brachypogon.

soeiroi (De Meillon), 1942a: 16 (Bezzia) Tetrabezzia.

sorana De Meillon, 1943: 103, Forcipomyia.

soutini De Meillon & Wirth, 1987a: 38, Dasyhelea.

spangleri De Meillon & Wirth, 1980: 21, Forcipomyia.

spilmani De Meillon & Wirth, 1980: 22, Forcipomyia.

stagni De Meillon & Wirth, 1981b: 538, Parabezzia.

statirae De Meillon, 1936: 165, Forcipomyia.

steli De Meillon & Wirth, 1987b: 388, Capehelea.

stewarti De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 149, Forcipomyia.

stuckenbergi (De Meillon), 1961: 51, (Sphaeromias) Homohelea.

stuckenbergi De Meillon & Wirth, 1983b: 398, Serromyia.

sudwalai De Meillon & Wirth, 1983a: 369, Jenkinshelea.

thabinana De Meillon, 1959b: 6, Forcipomyia.

theileri De Meillon & Wirth, 1981b: 552, Sphaeromias.

tokwensis De Meillon, 1942c: 97, Culicoides. Synonym of ravus De Meillon.

transvaalensis De Meillon, 1947: 119, Allauadomyia.

transvaalensis De Meillon, 1959a: 335, Dasyhelea.

trichopis De Meillon, 1937a: 328, Culicoides. Synonym of grahamii Austen.

trimaculata De Meillon & Wirth, 1987a: 57, Stilobezzia.

tugelensis De Meillon, 1959a: 333, Forcipomyia.

tzaneenensis De Meillon & Wirth, 1979e: 184, Forcipomyia.

umialazia De Meillon, 1940: 457, Bezzia.

unca De Meillon & Wirth, 1987a: 61, Mallochohelea.

upsilon De Meillon & Wirth, 1987a: 39, Dasyhelea.

usheri De Meillon, 1959b: 20, Clinohelea.

uysorum De Meillon, Meiswinkel & Wirth, 1982: 138, Kolenohelea.

vacunae (De Meillon), 1936: 180, (Bezzia) Phaenobezzia.

verna De Meillon & Wirth, 1987a: 70, Palpomyia.

vesicula De Meillon & Wirth, 1983a: 350, Forcipomyia.

victoriae De Meillon, 1942e: 96, Atrichopogon.

vockerothi De Meillon & Downes, 1986: 162, Notoceratopogon.

voltana De Meillon, 1959b: 15, Echinohelea.

vudu De Meillon & Hardy, 1954: 65, Alluaudomyia.

waldenia De Meillon, 1940: 464, Forcipomyia.

wansoni De Meillon, 1939b: 10, Alluaudomyia.

wansoni De Meillon, 1939a: 9, Forcipomyia.

watshami De Meillon & Wirth, 1989b: 210, Forcipomyia.

zuluensis De Meillon, 1936: 145, Culicoides. Synonym of milnei Austen.

zuluensis De Meillon & Wirth, 1981c: 589, Serromyia.

zumpti De Meillon & Wirth, 1979e: 182, Mackerrasomyia.

 

PUBLICATIONS BY BOTHA DE MEILLON ON CERATOPOGONIDAE

De Meillon, B. 1929. Some Ceratopogoninae from the Transvaal. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 77: 245-249.

De Meillon, B. 1931. A new species of Forcipomyia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the Transvaal, with a Description of its early stages. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 79: 335-340.

De Meillon, B. 1936. Entomological studies. Studies on insects of medical importance in South Africa (Part III). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research 7: 125-215.

De Meillon, B. 1937a. Entomological studies. Studies on insects of medical importance in South Africa (Part I). Publications of the South African Institute for Medical Research 7: 301-411.

De Meillon, B. 1937b. A new Jenkinshelea from Southern Rhodesia. Annals of the South African Museum 32: 261-263.

De Meillon, B. 1938. Notes on African Ceratopogoninae (Diptera). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 87: 266-270.

De Meillon, B. 1939a. Notes on Ceratopogonidae (Dipt., Nematocera) from Southern Africa. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 1: 9-25.

De Meillon, B. 1939b. Notes on Ceratopogonidae (Dipt., Nematocera) from Southern Africa II. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 2: 7-17.

De Meillon, B. 1939c. A new sub-genus of Ceratopogon. Ruwenzori Expedition 1934-35. 1: 103-107.

De Meillon, B. 1940. Ceratopogonidae (Diptera, Nematocera) from Southern Africa. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 90: 455-466.

De Meillon, B. 1942a. Simuliidae and Ceratopogonidae (Dipt., Nematocera) from the colony of Mozambique. Estacao Anti-malarica De lounrenco Marques, 26 pp., 4 plates.

De Meillon, B. 1942b. Ceratopogonidae (Dipt., Nematocera) from Southern Rhodesia. Proceedings and Transactions of the Rhodesian Scientific Association 39: 113-119.

De Meillon, B. 1942c. New Nematocera from the Ethiopian Region. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 5:87-98.

De Meillon, B. 1943. New records, and new species of Nematocera (Diptera) from the Ethiopian Region. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 6:90-113.

De Meillon, B. 1947. New records and species of biting insects from the Ethiopian Region II. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 10: 110-124.

De Meillon, B. 1952. A new species of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from Uganda. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London 21: 173.

De Meillon, B. 1959a. Diptera (Nematocera) Ceratopogonidae. South African Animal Life 6: 325-355.

De Meillon, B. 1959b. New Ceratopogonidae (Diptera, Nematocera) from Africa. Novos Taxa Entomologica 13: 3-24.

De Meillon, B. 1960. New Ceratopogonidae (Diptera, Nematocera) from the Subsaharan Region. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 23: 403-410.

De Meillon, B. 1961. The Madagascan Ceratopogonidae Revista Entomologia Mocambique 4: 37-64.

De Meillon, B. & Downes, J.A. 1986. Subsaharan Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) X. Report on species collected from Drakensberg, South Africa. Canadian Entomologist 118: 141-180.

De Meillon, B. & Hardy, F. 1953. New records and species of biting insects from the Ethiopian Region IV. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 16: 17-35.

De Meillon, B. & Hardy, F. 1954. New records and species of biting insects from the Ethiopian Region V. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 17: 62-85.

De Meillon, B. & Laviopierre, M.M.C. 1944. New records and species of biting insects from the Ethiopian Region. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 7: 38-67.

De Meillon, B., Meiswinkel, R. & Wirth, W.W. 1982. Subsaharan Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) VIII. Seven new species from the northern Transvaal. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 45: 123-143.

De Meillon, B. & Paulian, R. 1967. Diptera, Ceratopogonidae. Memoires de Institut Scientifique a Madagascar 8: 285.

De Meillon, B. & Wirth, W.W. 1955. A new species of Ceratopogon from West Africa (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 57: 275-276.

De Meillon, B. & Wirth, W.W. 1979a. Subsaharan Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) I. A new South African species of Mackerrasomyia Debenham. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 42: 181-185.

De Meillon, B. & Wirth, W.W. 1979b. Subsaharan Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) II. Ceratopogonidae taken from flowers of avocado, Persea americana, in South Africa. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 42: 187-189.

De Meillon, B. & Wirth, W.W. 1979c. Subsaharan Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) III. New species and records of the genus Fanthamia De Meillon. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 42: 191-196.

De Meillon, B. & Wirth, W.W. 1979d. Subsaharan Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) IV. Rhinohelea, a new subgenus of Forcipomyia from the south-west Cape Province, South Africa. Annals of the Natal Museum 23: 881-886.

De Meillon, B. & Wirth, W.W. 1979e. A taxonomic review of the subgenus Phytohelea of Forcipomyia (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 81: 178-206.

De Meillon, B. & Wirth, W.W. 1980. A new subgenus of Forcipomyia, with descriptions of eight new species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 82: 9-24.

De Meillon, B. & Wirth, W.W. 1981a. Subsaharan Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) V. Kolenohelea, a new genus of African Stilobezziini. Annals of the Natal Museum 24: 513-523.

De Meillon, B. & Wirth, W.W. 1981b. Subsaharan Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) VI. New species and records of South African biting midges collected by A.L. Dyce. Annals of the Natal Museum 24: 525-561.

De Meillon, B. & Wirth, W.W. 1981c. Subsaharan Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) VII. The biting midges of the Kruger National Park, South Africa, exclusive of the genus Culicoides. Annals of the Natal Museum 24: 563-601.

De Meillon, B. & Wirth, W.W. 1983a. Subsaharan Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) IX. New species and records from southern Africa. Annals of the Natal Museum 25: 347-381.

De Meillon, B. & Wirth, W.W. 1983b. Subsaharan Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) XI. The genus Serromyia Meigen. Annals of the Natal Museum 25: 383.402.

De Meillon, B. & Wirth, W.W. 1987a. Subsaharan Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) XII. New species and records, mainly from South Africa. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 50: 35-74.

De Meillon, B. & Wirth, W.W. 1987b. Subsaharan Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) XIII. Two new South African genera of the tribe Ceratopogonini. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 50: 383-391.

De Meillon, B. & Wirth, W.W. 1989a. A new pollen-feeding Atrichopogon midge from Madagascar, with notes on closely related Subsaharan species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Revue Francaise Entomologique 11: 85-89.

De Meillon, B. & Wirth, W.W. 1989b. Subsaharan Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) XIV. New species and records of Forcipomyia and Dasyhelea, mainly from Zimbabwe and Transvaal, South Africa. Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 52: 201-221.

De Meillon, B. & Wirth, W.W. 1991. The genera and subgenera (excluding Culicoides) of the Afrotropical biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Annals of the Natal Museum 32: 27-147.

Wirth, W.W., De Meillon, B. & Haeselbarth, E. 1980. Family Ceratopogonidae. pp. 150-174, In: R.W. Crosskey, Ed. Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region. 1437 pp. British Museum (Natural History), London.

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